VULNERABILITY

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VULNERABILITY FOR FIRE

Vulnerability for fire in Dutch dune grasslands [Koelerio-Corynephoretea]
(April – September)

Categories	Ground dwelling activity 1)	Position and construction of the nest	Species	Vulnera- bility of the nest for fire 2)	Survival first weeks after the fire 3)	Survival after > 1 year 3)
I	-	In the soil, relative deep	Lasius flavus Lasius meridionalis	-	++	+?
II	+	In the soil, from superficial to relative deep	Lasius psammophilus Lasius niger	-	+	++
III	++	In the soil, relative superficial	Formica clara Formica cunicularia	-	-	+
IV	++	In the soil, relative superficial, usually covered by living plants	Myrmica sabuleti Myrmica schencki Myrmica specioides Tetramorium caespitum	-	-	- -
V	++	In the soil, as whole or partly covered with or consisting of, usually dead, vegetable material	Formica fusca	+	-	- -
VI	++	Largely constructed of dead, vegetable material, partly in the soil.	Formica exsecta Formica pratensis Formica rufa/polyctena	+	- -	-
VII	+	Largely in dead vegetable material, partly in the soil	Lasius platythorax Lasius fuliginosus	+	+	- - -
VIII	++	In dead, vegetable material, aboveground	Formicoxenus nitidulus Leptothorax acervorum Stenamma debile Temnothorax albipennis	++	- - -	- - -

1) - no ground dwelling activity, + a relative small part of the nest population is above ground active,
++ a great part of the nest population is above ground active

2) - no vulnerable, + rather vulnerable, ++ vulnerable

3) - - - extinct, - - survived, decreased in numbers of ant nests, - survived, decreased in numbers of ant workers, + survived, population more or less constant, ++ increased in numbers of ant workers,
+++ increased in number of ant nests

Vulnerability for fire in Dutch heathlands [Calluno-ulicetea]
(April – September)

Categories	Ground dwelling activity 1)	Position and construction of the nest	Species	Vulnera- bility of the nest for fire 2)	Survival first weeks after the fire 3)	Survival after > 1 year 3)
I	-	In the soil, relative deep	Lasius flavus Lasius meridionalis Lasius mixtus Lasius umbratus	-	++	+?
II	+	In the soil, from superficial to relative deep	Lasius psammophilus Lasius niger	-	+	+
III	++	In the soil, relative superficial	Formica clara Formica cunicularia Formica rufibarbis Lasius psammophilus	-	-	+
IV	++	In the soil, relative superficial, usually covered by living plants	Myrmica sabuleti Myrmica schencki Tetramorium caespitum	-	-	- -/- - -
V	++	In the soil, as whole or partly covered with or consisting of, usually dead, vegetable material	Formica fusca Myrmica rubra Myrmica ruginodis	+	-	- - / - - -
VI	++	Largely constructed of dead, vegetable material, partly in the soil.	Formica exsecta Formica pratensis Formica rufa/polyctena	+	- -	- -
VII	+	Largely in dead, vegetable material, partly in the soil	Lasius platythorax Lasius fuliginosus	++	+	- - -
VIII	++	In dead, vegetable material, aboveground	Formicoxenus nitidulus Leptothorax acervorum Leptothorax muscorum Stenamma debile Temnothorax albipennis	+++	- - -	- - -

1) - no ground dwelling activity, + a relative small part of the nest population is above ground active,
++ a great part of the nest population is above ground active

2) - no vulnerable, + rather vulnerable, ++ vulnerable

Vulnerability for fire in Dutch pine woods [Pinus nigra without flowering plants]
(April-September)

Categories	Ground dwelling activity 1)	Position and construction of the nest	Species	Vulnera- bility of the nest for fire 2)	Survival direct after the fire 3)	Survival after > 1 year 3)
I	-	In the soil, relative deep	Lasius umbratus	-	++	+?
II	+	In the soil, from superficial to relative deep	-
III	++	In the soil, relative superficial	-
IV	++	In the soil, relative superficial, usually covered by living plants	Myrmica sabuleti	-	-	- -
V	++	In the soil, as whole or partly covered with or consisting of, usually dead, vegetable material	Formica fusca Myrmica rubra Myrmica ruginodis	+	-	- -
VI	++	Largely constructed of dead, vegetable material, partly in the soil.	Formica rufa/polyctena	+	- -	- - -
VII	+	Largely in dead, vegetable material, partly in the soil	Lasius platythorax Lasius fuliginosus	+	+	- - -
VIII	++	In dead, vegetable material, aboveground	Formicoxenus nitidulus Leptothorax acervorum Stenamma debile Temnothorax nylanderi	++	-	- - -

1) - no ground dwelling activity, + a relative small part of the nest population is above ground active,
++ a great part of the nest population is above ground active

2) - no vulnerable, + rather vulnerable, ++ vulnerable

see also: Boer P & Kelder L 2016. Effecten van brand, kaalkap en verstuiving op Rode bosmieren. De Levende Natuur 117: 61-64.

Peter Boer, last update: 08.11.2012